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[EAI Public Opinion Briefing] 2023 EAI-Genron NPO Survey on Mutual Perceptions of Korean and Japanese Citizens: Japan and Korea-Japan Relations

Category
Commentary and Issue Briefing
Published
October 12, 2023
Related Projects
Japan-Korea Mutual Perception (East Asian Perception) Survey

Editor's Note

The East Asia Institute (EAI) and Genron NPO, a Japanese non-profit think tank, conducted the "11th Survey on Mutual Perceptions of Korean and Japanese Citizens" in August and September 2023 to understand the perceptions of citizens in both countries regarding Korea-Japan relations. EAI is visualizing the results of this perception survey and releasing them as an "EAI Public Opinion Briefing." Citizens of both countries evaluated that Korea-Japan relations had progressed over the past year and a majority showed a positive stance on strengthening bilateral and multilateral cooperation in security and economic fields. However, the perceptions of Koreans and Japanese differed regarding whether the progress and importance of Korea-Japan relations translated into favorable views of the other country.

Public Opinion Briefing.jpg
Public Opinion Briefing.jpg

The 11th Survey on Mutual Perceptions of Korean and Japanese Citizens

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Korean SurveyJapanese Survey
PopulationMen and women aged 18 and over nationwideMen and women aged 18 and over nationwide (excluding high school students)
Sampling FrameTownships, towns, and villages nationwide50 locations nationwide
Sampling MethodRandom sampling after proportional allocation by gender, age, and region (based on resident registration population announced by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in July 2023)Proportional allocation by gender, age, and region; 20 individuals selected from each location
Sample Size1,008 people1,000 people
Sampling ErrorAssuming random sampling, the maximum allowable sampling error at a 95% confidence level is ±3.1%
Survey MethodFace-to-face interviews by interviewers (PI)Interviewer visits, self-administered survey
Survey Dates2023. 8. 25. ~ 2023. 9. 13.2023. 9. 2. ~ 2023. 9. 24.
Survey OrganizationKorea Research Co., Ltd. (CEO Noh Ik-sang)The Civic Engagement Association
Respondent Composition[Gender]

Male 49.8%, Female 50.2%
[Education Level]

Middle school or below 14.8%, High school graduate 38.6%, Junior college or higher 46.6%
[Age]

18-19 years old 1.4%, 20s 14.9%, 30s 14.7%, 40s 18.0%, 50s 19.9%, 60 and over 31.2%
[Gender]

Male 48.2%, Female 51.2%, No response 0.6%
[Education Level]

Middle school or below 5.1%, High school graduate 46.2%, Junior college or higher 46.9%, Other 1.2%, No response 0.6%
[Age]

18-19 years old 2.6%, 20s 11.7%, 30s 13.3%, 40s 17.5%, 50s 15.9%, 60 and over 39.0%

[Experience Visiting the Other Country]Have you ever visited the other country?

[Purpose of Visiting the Other Country]What was the purpose of your visit to the other country?

[Last Visit to the Other Country]When was your last visit to the other country?

[Change in Impression After Visiting the Other Country]Has your existing impression of the other country changed after visiting it?

[Presence of Acquaintances in the Other Country]Do you have any relatives or acquaintances in the other country?

[Willingness to Visit the Other Country]If you had the opportunity, would you like to visit the other country?

[What You Want to Do When Visiting the Other Country]What would you like to do when you visit the other country?

[Information Sources on the Other Country]Through what channels do you primarily obtain information about the other country or Korea-Japan relations?

[Media Outlets for Korea-Japan Relations Information]What media outlets do you most frequently encounter information about Korea-Japan relations through?

[Impression of the Other Country]What is your impression of the other country?

[Reasons for a Favorable Impression]What are the reasons for having a favorable impression of the other country?

[Reasons for an Unfavorable Impression]What are the reasons for having an unfavorable impression of the other country?

[Relative Affinity: China vs. United States]Which country do you feel more affinity towards, China or the United States?

[Relative Affinity: China vs. Other Country]Which country do you feel more favorably toward, China or the other country?

[Operation of the Other Country's Politics and Society]How do you think the other country's politics and society are currently operating?

[Current Korea-Japan Relations]What do you think of the current relationship between South Korea and Japan?

[Country/Region with the Most Important Relationship with One's Own Country]Considering the future of your country, which of the following countries or regions do you think has the most important relationship with your country?

[Future Korea-Japan Relations]What is your outlook on the future of Korea-Japan relations?

[Importance of Korea-Japan Relations]Do you think the current Korea-Japan relationship is important to your country?

[Importance of Korea-Japan Relations]For what reason do you believe the Korea-Japan relationship is important for the future of your country?

[Importance of Korea-Japan Relations]For what reason do you believe the Korea-Japan relationship is not important?

[Impression of the Other Country's Leader]What impression do you have of the other country's leader?

[Evaluation of the Japanese Government's Stance on Korea-Japan Relations]How do you evaluate the current Japanese government's stance on improving Korea-Japan relations?

[Evaluation of the South Korean Government's Stance on Korea-Japan Relations]How do you evaluate the current South Korean government's stance on improving Korea-Japan relations?

[Areas of Improvement in Korea-Japan Relations Over the Past Year]In which areas do you think Korea-Japan relations have particularly improved over the past year?

[What Both Countries Should Do for the Development of Korea-Japan Relations]What do you think both South Korea and Japan should do for the development of their relations?

[Direction for Responding to Korea-Japan Confrontation]How do you think confrontation between South Korea and Japan should be addressed in the future?

[Whether the Other Country is Considered a Friendly Nation]Do you consider the other country to be a friendly nation to your country?

[Necessity of a New Joint Declaration]This year marks the 25th anniversary of the "Korea-Japan Partnership Joint Declaration" announced by President Kim Dae-jung and Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi. Do you think a new joint declaration for the future is necessary?

[Considerations for Creating a New Joint Declaration]If a new "Korea-Japan Joint Declaration" were to be created, what do you think should be the most important consideration?

[Direction for Korea-Japan Relations]In what direction do you think Korea-Japan relations should proceed in the future?

[Korea-Japan Relations and Historical Issues]What are your thoughts on the bilateral relations between South Korea and Japan and historical issues?

[Resolution of Historical Issues]Regarding historical issues between South Korea and Japan, what issues do you think are important to resolve?

[Territorial Disputes and Korea-Japan Relations]How important do you think the territorial dispute over Dokdo is to Korea-Japan relations?

[Evaluation of the Solution for the Forced Mobilization Issue]Regarding the dispute between South Korea and Japan over the issue of forced mobilization during wartime, the South Korean government is pursuing a resolution through a third-party compensation plan in 2023. What are your thoughts on this?

[Country/Region Perceived as a Military Threat]Are there any countries or regions that you perceive as a military threat to your country?

[Country/Region Perceived as a Military Threat]Which countries or regions do you consider to be a military threat to your country?

[Stance on Trilateral Military Security Cooperation between South Korea, the U.S., and Japan]Do you think trilateral military security cooperation between South Korea, the United States, and Japan should be strengthened?

[Stance on Trilateral Military Security Cooperation between South Korea, the U.S., and Japan]For what reason do you think so positively?

[Stance on Trilateral Military Security Cooperation between South Korea, the U.S., and Japan]For what reason do you think so negatively?

[Direction of Security Cooperation between South Korea and Japan Regarding North Korea]North Korea's nuclear and missile threats are rapidly increasing. What are your thoughts on the direction of security cooperation between South Korea and Japan regarding this issue?

[Impact of Improved North Korea-Japan Relations on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia]Do you believe that improved North Korea-Japan relations would contribute to stability on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia?

[Korean Peninsula Situation in 10 Years]What is your outlook on the situation on the Korean Peninsula in 10 years?

[Support for South Korea Acquiring Nuclear Weapons if North Korean Nuclear Threat Persists]What are your thoughts on South Korea possessing nuclear weapons if North Korea's nuclear threat does not disappear?

[Opinion on Japan Possessing Nuclear Weapons if North Korean Nuclear Threat Persists]What are your thoughts on Japan possessing nuclear weapons if North Korea's nuclear threat does not disappear?

[Opinion on Economic Relations between South Korea and Japan]Regarding the economic relations between South Korea and Japan, which do you think is closer to your opinion, A or B?

[Countries/Regions with Important Economic Relations]Which countries or regions do you believe have particularly important economic relations with your country?

[Opinion on Restricting Economic Relations with China]In the United States and Japan, there are movements to restrict trade in advanced technologies related to national security to prevent excessive dependence on the Chinese economy. What are your thoughts on restricting economic relations with China?

[Opinion on the Future of South Korea]What are your thoughts on the future of South Korea?

[Opinion on the Future of Japan]What are your thoughts on the future of Japan?

[Level of Consumption of the Other Country's Popular Culture]Do you enjoy the popular culture of the other country?

[Whether Popular Culture Improves Impression of the Other Country]Do you believe that popular culture improves the impression of the other country?

[Areas of Interest in the Other Country's Popular Culture]What areas of the other country's popular culture are you interested in?

[Whether Deterioration of Relations Affects Consumption of the Other Country's Popular Culture]When South Korea-Japan relations deteriorate, does that situation affect your consumption of the other country's popular culture?

[Assessment of Fairness of Domestic Media Coverage on South Korea-Japan Relations]Do you believe that your country's newspapers, magazines, or broadcasts provide objective and fair coverage of South Korea-Japan relations?

[Whether Negative Online Opinions Reflect Domestic Public Opinion]There are many negative opinions about the other country posted on the internet. Do you believe these opinions adequately reflect the thoughts of your country's citizens?

[Opinion on the Release of Treated Water from Fukushima]There are voices of concern from neighboring countries and the international community regarding the Japanese government's recent actions to release treated water from Fukushima. What are your thoughts on this matter?

Attachments

  • [EAI여론브리핑]2023년EAI-겐론NPO한일국민상호인식조사_일본과한일관계.pdf

*This text is an AI translation of an original written in Korean. Some translations or nuances may be inaccurate.

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